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Clinical &
Attachment-retained restorationsASTRA TECH Implant System™ EV


The ASTRA TECH Implant System EV is designed for ease of use and versatility in providing treatment solutions for your implant patients. The foundation of this evolutionary system remains the unique ASTRA TECH Implant System BioManagement Complex, which has been proven to predictably provide long-term marginal bone maintenance and esthetic results.
Introduction – ASTRA TECH Implant System™ EV
Restorative overview
Abutment overview Implant-abutment interface connection Clinical application Clinical and laboratory procedures
Complementary components
Healing procedure – Healing Uni EV Final restoration – Locator™ Abutment EV – Ball Abutment EV – Uni Abutment EV/ATLANTIS™ ISUS – Uni Abutment EV/OD Cylinder EV Torque Wrench EV – restorative handling Cleaning and sterilization References 23
For more information also follow the manufacturer's instructions:
Zest Anchors
– Instructions for use – LOCATOR® IMPLANT ATTACHMENT SYSTEM
– LOCATOR® Implant Attachment System, Technique Manual for detailed handling of the Locator™ Abutment Cendres Métaux
– Attachment for prosthetic dentistry for detailed handling of the Dalbo® -PLUS
This manual is designed for use by clinicians who have undergone at least basic prosthetic and in-clinic implant training. Staying current on the latest trends and treatment techniques in implant dentistry through continued education is the responsibility of the clinician.
All products may not be regulatory cleared/released/licensed in all markets. Please, contact the local DENTSPLY Implants sales office for current product assortment and availability.
To improve readability for our customers, DENTSPLY Implants does not use ® or ™ in body copy. However, DENTSPLY Implants does not waive any right to the trademark and nothing herein shall be interpreted to the contrary.
Product illustrations are not to scale.








Restorative overview ATLANTIS™ ISUS Bar
For removable overdentures on splinted restorations in the mandible/maxilla on standard or custom bars.
ATLANTIS ISUS™ – 2in1
Digitally processed (bridge and hybrid)
and conventional For removable overdentures splinted restorations on splinted restorations in the on UniAbutment EV The primary structure is a custom bar and the secondary structure can either be a bridge or a hybrid.
OD Cylinder EV
For removable overdentures on splinted restorations in the mandible/maxilla on a conventional soldered bar in gold.
Locator™ Abutment EV
For removable overdentures on non-splinted restorations in the non-splinted restoration on Locator Abutment EV and Ball Abutment EV Ball Abutment EV
For removable overdentures on non-splinted restorations in the Abutment overviewASTRA TECH Implant System EV includes an abutment materials in order to support varying loading conditions and assortment, including patient-specific abutments and a wide choice of permanent restoration.Throughout this manual, range of prefabricated abutments designed to satisfy all symbols are used to illustrate the indexings options. Below is implant indications. The abutments are produced in different a comprehensive overview of the abutments and symbols. Features and benefits
Uni Abutment™ EV
• Splinted restorations in the mandible/ • Compatible with ATLANTIS ISUS maxilla in combination with a bar • One prosthetic connection for all implant interface connections Locator™ Abutment EV
• Non-splinted restorations in the • Implant interface connections Ball Abutment EV
• Non-splinted restorations in the • Implant interface connections Implant size/tooth position Implant-abutment interface The design philosophy of the ASTRA TECH Implant System EV is based on the natural dentition utilizing a site-specific, crown-down approach supported by an intuitive surgical The OsseoSpeed EV implant has a unique interface for
protocol and a simple prosthetic workflow. one-position-only placement of ATLANTIS patient-specific abutments. The interface also allows for the flexibility of six-position indexing of prefabricated abutments, while index- free abutments can be seated in any rotational position.
Abutment placement option
One-position-only
ATLANTIS patient-specific, CAD/CAM
abutments will seat in one position only. Six positions
Indexed abutments will seat in six
Index free
Multiple considerations are required for each individual tooth, such as the support needed for the final restoration in the particular position, soft-tissue Index-free abutments will be seated in any healing, and implant design and size.
The illustration indicates the recommended implant sizes in relation to the natural dentition, provided there is sufficient bone volume and space in relation to adjacent dentition.
One system – one torque Throughout the ASTRA TECH Implant System EV, markings, color coding and geometrical designs simplify the correct All final abutments are designed for a uniform torque identification of corresponding components. (25 Ncm), for added simplicity. A lower torque (15 Ncm) is applied on the restorative level for the bridge screw.
Each implant-abutment connection size is identified by a specific color, which is used consistently throughout the system. The color is applied directly to components and instruments, as well as on packaging and informational material, where appropriate. Clinical applicationThe ASTRA TECH Implant System EV is designed to meet Motives for attachment-retained treatment
various clinical situations found in partially dentate and • An unfavorable jaw relation which makes treatment with a edentulous patients. It has been thoroughly investigated in fixed bridge restoration difficult numerous technical, experimental and prospective clinical studies, and the extensive research and documentation have • Esthetic problems, e.g. the need for lip support in the yielded a simple, flexible and reliable implant system that is clinically proven to maintain marginal bone levels. A variety • Phonetic problems due to loss of alveolar bone in the of prosthetic treatment options can be undertaken using implants as anchorage units.
• Patient dissatisfaction with removable denture due to oral irritations and/or loss of bone for denture fixation There are several indications for overdenture treatment in • A bridge option makes satisfactory oral hygiene impossible connection with implant treatment. Functional, esthetic, or extremely difficult to achieve phonetic and hygienic requirements in certain clinical situations support the use of the overdenture as a treatment • Edentulous patients with a cleft palate option. The presence of at least one implant in each quadrant • Economic constraints of the jaw, combined with a suitable attachment system, makes overdenture treatment a viable alternative when treating totally edentulous jaws. Further factors to consider
Factors which govern the planning of the overdenture
treatment are the number and length of the implants, together Attachment-retained treatment in the lower jaw
with quality and quantity of the anchoring bone tissue.
In the lower jaw, the installation of a fixed bridge restoration To ensure an optimized restorative treatment, make sure that is often possible; however, patients sometimes prefer to have the following conditions are met: an overdenture for reasons of economics. Clinical studies with • Parallel implants the ASTRA TECH Implant System show that the survival rate of implants in the lower jaw is the same for overdentures as for • Rigid bar connector without large distances between fixed bridge restorations, regardless of the retaining system. The following protocol is recommended in the lower jaw: • Appropriate length of extension bars, not too long • Minimum 2 implants, splinted or non-splinted • Adequate resilience of the mucosa; the mucosa should not • Provide an even load on the mucosa when the prosthesis is Attachment-retained treatment in the upper jaw
In the upper jaw, the clinical result and long-term predictability is more dependent on the mode of implant support and the design of the denture. A prefabricated or customized bar, splinting four or more implants can help to ensure equally good results as in the lower jaw. The following protocol is recommended in the upper jaw: • Minimum 4 implants, splinted Non-splinted attachments Splinted attachments in Splinted attachments in in the lower jaw.
the lower jaw.
the upper jaw.
Locator Abutment™ EV
Ball Abutment EV
Uni Abutment EV
Complementary components
• Locator™ Core Tool • Dalbo Plus Lamellae retention insert E • Lab Bridge Screw EV • Locator™ Inserts • Dalbo Plus Screwdriver/Activator • Polishing Protector Uni EV• Uni Driver EV The different attachment-retained procedures require additional components and instruments to support in the varying stages of the treatment and laboratory processes.
Healing Uni EVThe healing components are developed to support the Healing Uni EV
surrounding soft tissue and give a predictable treatment Healing Uni EV is used for soft tissue support situation by geometries in close correspondence to the final during the healing phase and is designed to support and simplify final abutment selection• Harmonized with the heights and diameters for all the attachment-retained • Laser etched bands for gauging• Color: according to implant Abutment Depth Gauge EV
Measure height
• One tip design for each implant • The abutment depth gauges corresponds • Pick up and install the sterile with the Healing Uni EV laser etched Healing Uni EV directly from the blister package using the Hex Driver EV. • A waist on the tip for identification of 4–5mm depth mark.
• Manually seat and secure the healing abutment using light finger force • Color: according to implant.
Locator™ Abutment EVThe Locator Abutment provides long-term stability and ease of use. The low vertical height is ideal for the majority of all • Fully edentulous situations in the mandible.
overdenture patients. Cases with angulation problems and limited occlusal space can be easily corrected using Locator.
• Taking into consideration clinical documentation available, non-splinted Locator Abutment EV solutions are recommended in the lower jaw only.
Clinical procedure
Abutment selection
Impression
Before abutment installation, remove the • Mount the Locator Abutment EV and the • Firmly attach the Locator Abutment Pick-ups healing abutment and register the soft tissue plastic holder/sleeve onto the driver, a on the Locator Abutments and check to height for proper selection of the permanent part of the Locator Core Tool.
ensure that they are securely in place.
abutment. The appropriate height of the • Seat the Locator Abutment EV manually.
• Take the abutment-level impression in a Locator Abutment EV is where the outer standard or customized impression tray retention geometry is at a supra gingival • Use the Locator Driver EV in the restorative with an elastomeric impression material.
Driver Handle EV with the Torque Wrench EV. Tighten the abutment to • Remove the impression once the Note: Healing Uni EV design supports
recommended torque (25 Ncm).
impression material has set.
the permanent Locator Abutment EV configuration and creates a matching soft • Verify that the impression is correct and tissue contour.
send it to the laboratory.
Laboratory procedure
Clinical procedure
Overdenture
Final restoration
• Firmly place the Locator Abutment Replica • Fabricate the overdenture by curing the • Send the final overdenture with the into the Locator Abutment Pick-up in the female part into the acrylic.
Locator Abutment inserts to the clinician.
• Use a burr to remove excess acrylic, and • Place the preferred Locator inserts into • Fabricate a master model in high-quality polish the overdenture base.
the metal housing (Processing Cap), stone material.
• Remove the overdenture from the model using the Insert Seating Tool, a part of • Place the spacer over the head of each and discard the black processing inserts Locator Abutment Replica, mimicking the using the Locator Insert Removal Tool, • Check and adjust the final fit of the resilient situation, and attach the Locator a part of the Locator Core Tool.
overdenture. Make corrections to the Processing Caps to the replicas.
occlusion relation as needed.
Ball Abutment EVThe Dalbo Plus female part TE basic is cured into the denture and custom retention is achieved with the • Fully edentulous situations in the mandible.
adjustable Dalbo Plus Lamellae retention Insert E, seated into the housing. The insert is designed to reduce wear on • Taking into consideration clinical documentation the ball abutment and minimize the need for maintenance. available, non-splinted Ball Abutments solutions Altering the retention of the Lamellae retention insert as well are recommended in the lower jaw only.
as changing to a new insert can be easily done using the Abutment selection
Abutment installation
Impression
Before abutment installation, remove the • Attach the Ball Driver EV to the restorative • Take the abutment-level impression in a healing abutment and register the mucosal Driver Handle EV.
standard or customized impression tray height for proper selection of the permanent • Attach the driver to the Ball Abutment EV.
with an elastomeric impression material.
abutment. The appropriate height of the ball • Connect the Ball Driver EV with the Torque • Remove the impression once the abutment is the highest point of the soft tissue Wrench EV. Tighten the abutment to the impression material has set.
margin corresponding at, or slightly "apical" recommended torque (25 Ncm).
• Verify that the impression is correct and to the tapered neck of the abutment.
send it to the laboratory.
Note: Healing Uni EV design supports the
final Ball Abutment EV configuration and creates a matching soft tissue contour Overdenture
Final restoration
• Place the Ball Abutment EV Replica firmly • Determine a common path of insertion for • Send the final overdenture to the clinician.
into the impression. The parallel bevels on the ball attachment-retained overdenture.
• The preferred retention of the inserts is the abutment and the replica facilitates the • Place the duplicating aid onto the replica. adjusted to the patient's requirements. The activation is made with the Dalbo • Fabricate the overdenture • Fabricate a master model with the ball Plus Screwdriver by rotating clockwise, replica and high-quality stone material.
• Remove the duplicating aid for making aquiring more retention, or counter space in the prosthesis for the female part clockwise aquiring less retention.
• Cure the female part into the acrylic • Changing to a new or another insert is • Use a burr to remove excess acrylic, done with the screwdriver.
polish the overdenture base.
• Check and adjust the final fit of the overdenture. Make corrections to the occlusion relation as needed.
Uni Abutment EV/ATLANTIS™ ISUS ATLANTIS™ ISUS Bar
A solid prosthetic interface with a 33° top cone and Intended for removable prosthesis on a M1.8 mm Bridge Screw. The design facilitates standard or custom bars. A library of non-parallel implant situations up to 66°.
different bar profiles is available.
• Uni Abutment EV on all implant interface ATLANTIS™ ISUS – 2in1
connections (3.0–5.4) (bridge and hybrid)
Intended for removable prosthesis. The primary structure is a custom • Partial and fully edentulous situations bar and the secondary structure • All positions in the mouth can either be a bridge or a hybrid.
Abutment selection
Impression
Open tray
• Before abutment installation, remove • Attach the Uni Driver EV to the • Select the appropriate Uni Abutment EV the healing abutment and register the mucosal height for proper selection of the • Pick up the Uni Abutment EV with the driver • Install the Pick-up using the permanent abutment.
by gently pressing the driver downwards. • The permanent Uni Abutment EV can The driver is properly seated when it clicks.
• Secure the Pick-up using manual tightening be selected either by aiming with the • Seat the abutment manually.
torque (5–10 Ncm).
Abutment Depth Gauge or by indications • Tighten the abutment to the recommended • Apply impression material on the pick-up on the Healing Uni EV.
torque (25 Ncm) with the restorative Note: Healing Uni EV design supports the
Driver handle EV, the Uni Driver EV and • Place the tray, filled with impression permanent Uni Abutment EV configuration Torque Wrench EV.
and creates a matching soft tissue contour.
• Release the Uni Driver EV using a small • Once the impression material has wiggling motion while lifting the driver gently.
set, unscrew the pin and remove the • Check the impression for correct and stable retention of Pick-up.
Note: For close tray impression technique
use the Uni Abutment EV Transfer.
Model making
Restoration fabrication
Final restoration
• Connect the Uni Abutment EV Replica to • Place the bar/structure on the model and • Install the the bar and tighten the the impression element and tighten without tighten with Lab Bridge Screw EV. bridge screws to the recommended damaging the impression.
• Fabricate the final restoration onto the torque (15 Ncm) with the restorative • Secure the Implant Pick-up EV using secondary structure. Driver handle EV, the Uni Driver EV and manual tightening torque (5–10 Ncm).
Torque Wrench EV.
• Send the final restoration to the clinician.
• Prepare the impression for duplication with • Check and adjust the final fit of the a removable soft tissue mask by applying overdenture. Make corrections to the silicone around the Implant Replica sites.
occlusion relation as needed.
• Pour high quality stone and fabricate the master model.
Note: Uni Abutment EV Replica is for single
Uni Abutment EV/OD Cylinder EV – Bar solutionThe OD cylinder in gold is developed to facilitate a conventional soldered bar solution, together with Uni Abutment EV as the connective base to the implant.
Abutment selection
Impression
Open Tray
• Before abutment installation, remove • Attach the Uni Driver EV to the restorative • Select the appropriate Uni Abutment EV the healing abutment and register the Driver Handle.
mucosal height for proper selection of the • Pick up the Uni Abutment EV with the driver • Install the Pick-up using the permanent abutment.
by gently pressing the driver downwards. • The permanent Uni Abutment EV can The driver is properly seated when it clicks.
• Secure the Pick-up using manual tightening be selected either by aiming with the • Seat the abutment manually.
torque (5–10 Ncm).
Abutment Depth Gauge or by indications • Tighten the abutment to recommended • Apply impression material on the pickup on the Healing Uni EV.
torque (25 Ncm) with the restorative Driver Note: Healing Uni EV design supports the
handle EV, the Uni Driver EV and Torque • Place the tray, filled with impression permanent Uni Abutment EV configuration and creates a matching soft tissue contour • Release the Uni Driver EV using a small • Once the impression material has wiggling motion while lifting the driver gently.
set, unscrew the pin and remove the • Check the impression for correct and stable retention of Pick-up.
Note: For closed tray impression technique,
use the Uni Abutment EV Transfer.
Model making
Restoration fabrication
Final restoration
• Connect the Uni Abutment Replica to the • Place the OD Cylinder on the replica and • Install the bar and tighten the bridge tighten with a Lab Bridge Screw. screws to the recommended torque • Secure the Pick-up using manual tightening • Fit the bar (male part) and perform the (15 Ncm) with the restorative Driver torque (5–10 Ncm). Handle EV, the Uni Driver EV and Torque Wrench EV.
• Pour high quality stone in the impression • Finish and thoroughly polish the bar and fabricate the model. restoration. Fit the clips (female parts) to • Check and adjust the final fit of the the bar and fabricate the overdenture by overdenture. Make corrections to the Note: Uni Abutment EV Replica is for single
curing the clips into the acrylic. occlusion relation as needed.
• Use a burr to remove excess acrylic, and polish the overdenture base.
• Send the final overdenture to the clinician.
Use bar and clips/riders of preferred Torque Wrench EV
Torque Wrench EV – restorative handlingA torque wrench together with a Restorative Driver Handle are used for tightening of abutment screws and/or bridge Prosthetic instruments specifically designed for the ASTRA TECH Implant System EV.
When used together with the Surgical Driver Handle, the • Hex Driver EV, manual and machine torque wrench can also be used for implant installation and • Ball Abutment Driver EV machine • Locator Driver EV machine • Uni Driver EV machine • Torque Wrench EV • Torque Wrench EV Restorative Driver Handle • Torque Wrench EV Restorative Driver Handle Low Assemble
Handling
• Attach the head of the wrench to the body • Attach the Hex Driver EV into the • Use a finger on the top of the driver by pushing the components together and Restorative Driver Handle and then into handle to keep it steady and in place. turning them in opposite directions until the wrench until there is an audible click.
Then gently pull the arm of the torque there is an audible click.
wrench in the direction of the arrow until the desired torque is achieved.
Note: The arm of the torque wrench must not
go beyond the end of the scale, as this could result in inaccurate torque readings.
The arrow on the head of the wrench shows the direction in which the wrench is Torque Wrench EV
Disassemble
Cleaning and drying
• Press the driver handle to remove it from • The three separated parts are now ready • Follow the manufacturer's instructions the head of the wrench, and remove the for cleaning using water and a brush. head by pressing a finger into the recess Let the parts dry.
(1) and gently pulling the head (2).
Torque guide
Torque guide for ASTRA TECH Implant System™ EV Installation procedures
Implant installation Healing components Manual/light finger force (5–10 Ncm) Temporary restoration on all levels Final restoration on implant level Final restoration on abutment level Cleaning and sterilization
Cleaning and sterilizationAll drills, except the single use Precision Drill EV, can be used approximately ten times. If drills are not reused, dispose them in a sharps container immediately after the implant procedure Apply detergent, Neodisher MediClean-Forte (Dr. Weigert, is completed.
Hamburg) or similar solution to all surfaces. Scrub the outer and, if applicable, the inner side of the product, Note: Single use products should not be reused.
with a soft bristled nylon brush until all visible soil and/ or debris is removed. Flush the inner channels/lumen with Remove residual tissue or bone debris by immersing the used cleaning solution using an irrigation needle connected to products in lukewarm water (<40°C/104°F). Do not use a syringe. Check channels/lumen for residual soil and/or fixation agents or hot water as this could influence subsequent debris. Run the products in an ultra-sonic bath with cleaning cleaning results. Products should be kept in a wet environment solution for minimum ten minutes. Drills and trays excluded. until the next step is initiated. For Direct Driver EV Ø 3.3, Ø 4 Rinse under clean running water until all trace of cleaning and Ball Abutment Driver EV storage in a wet environment is solution is removed. Flush the inner channels/lumen with water using an irrigation needle.
If cleaning is delayed more than 120 minutes, place the Prepare a bath with a disinfection solution, ID 212 instrument devices in a bath of a cleaning and disinfection solution disinfection (DÜRR SYSTEM-HYGIENE) or similar, according to to avoid drying of soil and/or debris, blood and other the detergent manufacturer's instructions. Immerse the products completely for the time specified by the manufacturer. Flush the internal channels/lumen using an irrigation needle for a Preparation for cleaning
minimum of 3 times. Rinse under clean running water until all trace of disinfection solution is removed. Flush the inner Disassembly is required for the following products: channels/lumen with water using an irrigation needle.
• Surgical Tray• Impression components (pick-ups/transfers) Dry the products using medical compressed air and clean lint-free single-use wipes.
Automated procedure
Place instruments in a washer-disinfector, Vario TD or similar,
according to recommendations from the supplier.
Example of Vario TD washing program:• Pre-wash, 20°C • Cleaning with detergent, Neodisher MediClean-Forte (Dr. Weigert, Hamburg) or similar solution 45–55°C • Neutralization• Intermediate rinse • Disinfection, >90°C (preferable 93°C), 5 min• Drying Inspection and function testing
Drills shall be replaced as soon as their cutting capability
diminishes. Discard blunt or damaged products.
Cleaning and sterilization
For ZirDesign abutment: Liquid Chemical Sterilization/
High Level Disinfection is recommended. Thoroughly dry everything prior to the sterilization process to prevent the risk of corrosion. Assemble the tray and Note: For US: Dry heat (160°C/320°F for 4 hours) is the
re-position the drills and instruments using drill/letter numbers, recommended procedure. where applicable. It is recommended to wrap the instruments For ATLANTIS abutment in zirconia: Dry heat (160°C/320°F
and tray according to the sterilization wrap manufacturer's for 4 hours) is the recommended procedure. instructions. It is recommended to place the abutments, screws, and applicable products in a sterilization bag.
Note: For US: Use FDA cleared sterilization bag and
16 minutes dry time at the end of the steam sterilization cycle.
The products should be stored, in their package, in a dry place, at normal temperature (18–25°C/64–77°F). Use the sterilized components within the stated time period from the sterile bag manufacturer.
Steam sterilization with a pre-vacuum cycle (134°C/275°F Note: For maintenance and cleaning of Contra Angles and
for 3 minutes).
Torque Wrench EV, follow the manufacturer's instructions.
Sterilization procedure for zirconia
products
The products should not be sterilized in a steam autoclave.
The process can affect the mechanical properties of the Statement Cleaning and sterilization of
ASTRA TECH Implant System EV products
The cleaning and sterilization instructions for ASTRA TECH
If alternative procedures are used it is the responsibility of the Implant System EV assortment has been developed and user to ensure that the cleaning and sterilization procedure validated by DENTSPLY Implants. The instructions have been chosen achieves the desired results.
developed in accordance to, and evaluated by the standards • ANSI/AAMI ST79:2010 & A1:2010 Comprehensive guide to steam sterilization stated please see below.
and sterility assurance in health care facilities.
Both the VarioTD program (recommended for automated • ANSI/AAMI ST81:2004/(R) 2010 Sterilization of medical devices -- Information to be provided by the manufacturer for the processing of resterilizable medical devices.
reprocessing) and the Neodisher Mediclean Forte • AAMI TIR12:2010 Designing, testing, and labelling reusable medical devices for (Dr. Weigert) detergent are recommendations and can be reprocessing in health care facilities: A guide for medical device manufacturers.
substituted with similar programs and detergents. For more • EN ISO 17664:2004 Sterilization of medical devices – Information to be provided information, please see http://www.miele-professional.com by the manufacturer for the processing of resterilizable medical devices.
• EN ISO 15883-1:2009, Washer-disinfectors – Part 1: General requirements, terms and definitions and tests. Surgical Tray EV is made of PPSU (Polyphenylsulfone) • EN ISO 15883-2:2009, Washer-disinfectors – Part 2: Requirements and tests for washer-disinfectors employing thermal disinfection for surgical instruments, material which may be sensitive for some chemicals anaestetic equipment, bowls, dishes, receivers, utensils, glassware, etc. containing acetate e.g. ethyl acetate. Consult your detergent • ISO/TS 15883-5:2005, Washer-disinfectors – Part 5: Test soils and methods for manufacturer for compatibility of used detergent with PPSU if demonstrating cleaning efficacy. Neodisher Mediclean Forte is not used.
• EN ISO 17665-1:2006, Sterilization of health care products – Moist heat – Part 1: Requirements for the development, validation and routine control of a sterilization process for medical devices.
Key references* supporting attachment-retained restorations with ASTRA TECH Implant System™
Non-splinted restorations
Combination of attachment systems
Cooper LF, Moriarty JD, Guckes AD, et al. Five-year Bilhan H, Geckili O, Sulun T, Bilgin T. A quality-of-life prospective evaluation of mandibular overdentures retained comparison between self-aligning and ball attachment by two microthreaded, TiOblast nonsplinted implants systems for two-implant-retained mandibular overdentures. and retentive ball anchors. Int J Oral Maxi llofac Implants J Oral Implantol 2010;37(sp1):167-73. 2008;23(4):696-704. Geckili O, Bilhan H, Mumcu E. Clinical and De Bruyn H, Besseler J, Raes F, Vaneker M. Clinical outcome radiographic evaluation of three-implant-retained of overdenture treatment on two nonsubmerged and mandibular overdentures: a 3-year retrospective study. nonsplinted Astra Tech Microthread implants. Clin Impl Dent Rel Res 2009;11(2):81-9. Gotfredsen K, Holm B. Implant-supported mandibular Geckili O, Bilhan H, Bilgin T. Impact of mandibular two- overdentures retained with ball or bar attachments: implant retained overdentures on life quality in a group of a randomized prospective 5-year study. Int J Prosthodont elderly Turkish edentulous patients. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2000;13(2):125-30. ID No. 75355 2011;53(2):233-6. Mumcu E, Bilhan H, Geckili O. The effect of attachment Geckili O, Bilhan H, Mumcu E, Bilgin T. Three-year radiologic type and implant number on satisfaction and quality of follow-up of marginal bone loss around titanium dioxidegrit- life of mandibular implant-retained overdenture wearers. blasted dental implants with and without fluoride treatment. Gerodontology 2012;29(2):e618-23. Int J Oral Maxi llofac Implants 2011;26(2):319-24. Splinted restorations
Gulje F, Raghoebar GM, Ter Meulen JW, Vissink A,
Meijer HJ. Mandibular overdentures supported by 6-mm dental implants: A 1-year prospective cohort study. Clin Impl Dent Rel Res 2011;14(Supplement 1):e59-e66. Slot W, Raghoebar GM, Vissink A, Meijer HJ. Maxillary overdentures supported by four or six implants in the anterior region; 1-year results from a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Periodontol 2013;40(3):303-10. Slot W, Raghoebar GM, Vissink A, Meijer HJ. Maxillary overdentures supported by anteriorly or posteriorly placed implants opposed by a natural dentition in the mandible: A 1-year prospective case series study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2012;E-pub May 15, doi:10.1111/j.1708- 8208.2012.00459.x. Vroom MG, Sipos P, de Lange GL, et al. Effect of surface topography of screw-shaped titanium implants in humans on clinical and radiographic parameters: a 12-year prospective study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2009;20(11):1231-39. *For the complete reference list, see www.dentsplyimplants.com A successful implant system cannot be determined by one single feature alone. Just as in nature, there must be several interdependent features working together. The following combination of key features is unique to the ASTRA TECH Implant System: • OsseoSpeed™— more bone more rapidly
• MicroThread™— biomechanical bone stimulation
Conical Seal Design™
• Conical Seal Design™
— a strong and stable fit • Connective Contour™— increased soft tissue contact
About DENTSPLY Implants
About DENTSPLY International
DENTSPLY Implants offers comprehensive solutions for all phases of implant DENTSPLY International Inc. is a leading manufacturer and distributor of dental therapy, including ANKYLOS®, ASTRA TECH Implant System™ and XiVE® implant and other healthcare products. For over 115 years, DENTSPLY's commitment lines, digital technologies, such as ATLANTIS™ patient-specific CAD/CAM to innovation and professional collaboration has enhanced its portfolio of solutions and SIMPLANT® guided surgery, SYMBIOS® regenerative solutions, branded consumables and small equipment. Headquartered in the United States, and professional and business development programs, such as STEPPS™. the Company has global operations with sales in more than 120 countries.
DENTSPLY Implants creates value for dental professionals and al ows for predictable and lasting implant treatment outcomes, resulting in enhanced quality of life for patients.
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Vehicular based drug box temperature control study

Vehicular Based Drug Box Temperature Control Study A Research Project Presented to the Department of Occupational and Technical Studies Old Dominion University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Science in Occupational and Technical Education

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What is CRPS? that the ischemia that occurs Lifting the veil CRPS generally occurs after a when the blood flow to living tis- fracture, sprain or soft tissue dam- sue is stopped for a few or more on complex age to an arm or leg. "In the days hours, and the reperfusion that following the injury, the limb follows when the blood re-enters

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