Ogni antibiotico è efficace in relazione a un determinato gruppo di microrganismi
comprare ciprofloxacina online in italiain caso di infezioni oculari vengono scelte gocce ed unguenti.
The impact of body site, topical melatonin and brushing on hair regrowth after clipping normal siberian husky dogs
Veterinary Dermatology 2006,
17, 45– 50
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
The impact of body site, topical melatonin and brushing on hair
regrowth after clipping normal Siberian Husky dogs
SANDRA F. DIAZ, SHEILA M. F. TORRES, SANDRA A. F. NOGUEIRA,
SOPHIE GILBERT and CARL R. JESSEN
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Paul,
(
Received 9
January 2005;
accepted 18
November 2005)
The aims of this study were to determine the impact of body site, vigorous brushing and topical mela-
tonin treatment on hair regrowth after clipping normal dogs. Siberian Husky dogs were randomly assigned tothree groups of eight dogs each. All dogs had the lumbosacral region and both lateral thighs clipped. The leftthigh and lumbosacral area received no treatment and were compared in all 24 dogs. Eight dogs had the rightthigh treated with 0.1% melatonin twice daily for 2 months, and hair regrowth was compared with the left thigh.
Eight dogs had the right thigh brushed twice daily for 2 months, and hair regrowth was compared with the leftthigh. Eight dogs had neither thigh treated. Hairs were plucked before and 2 months postclipping, and the pro-portion of hair growth from the original length was calculated and compared as described above. Biopsy sampleswere collected before and after treatment to determine if brushing induced dermal inflammation and melatoninincreased the proportion of anagen follicles. Proportionally, left thigh hairs were significantly longer comparedto lumbosacral hairs 2 months postclipping. No significant differences in hair regrowth were noted between thenontreated thigh and the thigh treated with melatonin or brushed. No significant difference in dermal inflam-mation was noted before and after brushing. No significant differences were observed in the proportion of anagenfollicles before and after topical melatonin treatment. Our results showed that the hairs in the lumbosacral regionwere proportionally shorter than lateral thigh hairs 2 months postclipping. Moreover, topical melatonin andbrushing had no impact on hair regrowth after clipping normal dogs.
I N T RO D U C T I O N
Skin histopathology of dogs that experience delay in
hair regrowth postclipping shows hair follicle arrest.10
The delay in hair regrowth after clipping is a well-
An interesting and frequently observed finding in these
recognized but a poorly understood condition that worries
cases is the regrowth of tufts of hairs at the biopsy site
many pet owners who take pride in their pet's coat. Con-
a few weeks after the procedure.10 This has also been
cerned owners frequently ask veterinarians how they can
reported in follicular arrest associated with endocrine
help accelerate hair regrowth. Few studies have evaluated
alopecia, suggesting that local inflammation stimulates
factors that influence canine hair growth and those that
hair regrowth.11,12 However, to our knowledge, no
exist are uncontrolled and include few dogs.1–4
controlled studies have been conducted to determine
Hair growth is controlled by complex interactions
whether induced skin inflammation stimulates hair
between endogenous and exogenous influences.5–7 It
has often been observed that hairs on the lumbosacral
Melatonin is thought to play either a direct or an indi-
region grow more slowly than hairs on the lateral thigh
rect role in the neuroendocrine control of moulting and
when both areas are clipped for hip surgery. Troncy
hair growth in mammals.13–15 In dogs, oral melatonin
et al. noticed while investigating two epidural anaes-
has been used to treat various forms of alopecia, such as
thesia protocols that 11% of the dogs included in the
recurrent flank alopecia, pattern baldness and alopecia-
study experienced a delay in hair regrowth on the lum-
X of the Nordic breeds, with variable success.16–19
bosacral region after clipping.8 Preliminary data from
Researchers have investigated the therapeutic use of
a study conducted in Greece indicated that neither
melatonin in humans as well. In a recent study per-
epidural anaesthesia nor scrubbing or clipping seems
formed in women with either androgenic or diffuse
to affect hair regrowth in this area.9 These results seem
alopecia, topically applied 0.1% melatonin led to a
to confirm the frequent anecdotal finding that body
significant increase in anagen hair rate when compared
region has an impact on hair regrowth postclipping.
with placebo.20 It is tempting to investigate the impactof topical melatonin on hair regrowth in dogs withpostclipping follicular arrest. Topical application of
Correspondence: Dr Sheila M. F. Torres, Department of Small
melatonin has been shown to limit the drug effect to
Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University
treated areas, thus allowing higher concentrations at
or Minnesota, C339 Veterinary Hospitals, 1352 Boyd Avenue, SaintPaul, MN 55108, USA. E-mail:
[email protected]
the treated sites, which may increase the chances of
2006 The Authors. Journal compilation 2006 European Society of Veterinary Dermatology
SF Diaz
et al.
success.20 Therefore, the aim of this study was to deter-
of the neutroceutical 0.1% melatonin in alcohol (99.1%
mine the impact of body site, vigorous brushing and
bulk melatonin powder Village Drug, Northfield, MN,
topical melatonin treatment on hair regrowth after
USA),20 and the left lateral thigh served as control.
clipping the hair coat of healthy Siberian Husky dogs.
Based on a pilot study, the amount of solution necessaryto cover the clipped area was determined to be approxi-mately 0.5 mL. A spray bottle capable of delivering
0.1 mL per pump was used to apply the melatoninsolution; therefore, five pumps of melatonin solution
Study population
were applied to the clipped area on the right thigh twice
Privately owned intact male Siberian Husky sled dogs
daily for 2 months. As with group 2, hair regrowth
were considered for inclusion in the study. This group of
between the right and left thighs and between the
dogs was deliberately chosen because the dogs were of the
lumbosacral area and the left thigh was compared.
same breed and gender, kept in the same environmentalconditions and fed the same diet for the duration of the
Follow-up of hair regrowth
study, which was conducted during a single season (July
Before clipping, hairs representing each of the three
and August 2004). Therefore, we were able to control
clipped sites were plucked by one of the investigators
for factors that could potentially influence hair regrowth,
(SD), with the necessary caution to preserve the hair
such as breed, gender, temperature, day light, diet and
structure. Before measuring, the hairs were scrutinized
season.7 Inclusion criteria were the lack of systemic or
under the microscope to assure that the hair shafts
dermatological diseases as evaluated by complete history
were intact and straight. From this hair pool, 10
and thorough physical examinations. Blood was drawn
primary and 10 secondary hair shafts were mounted in
from all dogs prior to the beginning of the study and
a microscope slide using a 10-mm wide, double-sided
submitted for serum total thyroxine concentrations. Dogs
adhesive tape and measured in centimetres from tip to
were excluded from the study if serum total thyroxine
root with a ruler. The average length of primary and
concentrations were below the normal reference range
secondary hairs was considered as representative of the
for the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory at the University
sites that were followed up postclipping (lumbosacral
of Minnesota and if they were receiving medications
area, and right and left lateral thighs). At the end of the
that could affect hair growth (e.g. progestins, oestrogen,
study, one of the investigators (SD) plucked hairs from
androgens, melatonin, glucocorticoids and -thyroxine).
the clipped areas of all 24 dogs. The proportion of hair
The study was approved and overseen by the Institu-
growth from the original length for each clipped area
tional Animal Care and Use Committee of the University
was calculated and compared as described previously
of Minnesota.
for each group.
Groups and procedures
Biopsy collection
Twenty-four dogs met the inclusion criteria and were
Two skin biopsy samples were collected from the right
randomly assigned to three groups of eight dogs each.
lateral thigh from all dogs in groups 2 and 3. One sample
All dogs in each group had an area of 6 × 8 cm clipped
was collected before and one after the last treatment
on the lumbosacral region and both lateral thighs. The
to determine whether any dermal inflammation was
areas clipped were marked on the dog's skin with a per-
induced by brushing (group 2) and whether melatonin
manent marker through a template containing a 6 × 8 cm
application influenced the hair cycle phases (group 3).
precision-drilled rectangle. The left lateral thigh and the
Before treatment, the biopsy sample was collected from
lumbosacral area were not treated in any of the 24 dogs.
an area adjacent to the clipped site to avoid inflamma-tion induced by the biopsy procedure influencing hair
Group 1. No treatment was administered to the dogs in
regrowth of the treated area. After the last treatment,
this group. Hair regrowth of lumbosacral area was
the biopsy was collected from the treated site. Samples
compared to that of left thigh. The right thigh served
were collected with a 6-mm punch biopsy instrument
as control for the left thigh.
using subcutaneous 2% lidocaine. For group 2, thesamples were sectioned longitudinally to assess dermal
Group 2. All eight dogs had the clipped area on the
inflammation. Samples from group 3 were transversally
right lateral thigh vigorously brushed twice daily for
sectioned for morphometric assessment of hair cycle
30 s using a rubber brush (Zoom /Groom®, Kong
phases. Skin biopsy samples were routinely processed
Company, Golden, CO, USA) for the 2-month study
for histopathology and stained with haemotoxylin and
duration. Based on a pilot study, the brushing period
eosin stain (H&E).
was shown to induce the desired mild skin irritation.
The left lateral thigh served as control. Hair regrowth
between the right and left thighs and between the
To assess the degree of dermal inflammation in group
lumbosacral area and the left thigh was compared.
2, all inflammatory cells present within the dermis ofthe whole tissue section were counted at ×40 magnifi-
Group 3. All eight dogs had the clipped area on the
cation. In fields containing glands and hair follicles, only
right lateral thigh treated with a compounded solution
intervening dermal regions were counted. Intravascular
2006 The Authors. Journal compilation 2006 European Society of Veterinary Dermatology
Body site, melatonin and brushing effect on hair regrowth
and fibroblastic cells were excluded from the count.
The degree of inflammation was classified as 0 – absent;1 – low (< 10 inflammatory cells/section); 2 – medium(10–50 inflammatory cells/section); or 3 – high (> 50inflammatory cells/section). The investigator per-forming the counting (SD) was blind, regarding whetherthe histopathological section referred to before or afterbrushing.
Morphometric assessment of hair follicle cycle phases
Figure 1. Average percentage of hair regrowth 2 months after
in group 3 was performed in transversally sectioned
clipping the lumbosacral area and left lateral thigh of 24 normal Siberian Husky dogs. Primary and secondary hairs were evaluated.
skin biopsies as previously described.21,22 Briefly, 40 –50
LSP = lumbosacral area, primary hairs; LTP = left thigh, primary
transversal sections per biopsy sample were initially
hairs; LSS = lumbosacral area, secondary hairs; LTS = left thigh,
reviewed to select follicular units showing sebaceous
secondary hairs. *Significantly (P = 0.002) different from LTP.
glands and arrector pili muscle. The presence of these
†Significantly (0.026) different from LTS.
structures indicated that the hair follicles were sectionedat the mid-isthmus level, which allowed the determina-tion of the hair follicle phases.23 A follicular unit wasdefined as a group of three compound follicles.21,23Anagen and telogen hair follicles were counted in fivefollicular units per biopsy sample.21 The investigatorperforming the counting (SD) was blind, regardingwhether the histopathological section referred to beforeor after melatonin treatment.
Figure 2. Average percentage of hair regrowth after 2 months of
Paired Student's t-test was used to compare the pro-
clipping the left and right lateral thighs of eight normal Siberian
portion of hair regrowth postclipping between the lum-
Husky dogs. The right lateral thigh was also brushed twice daily for
bosacral area and the left lateral thigh on all 24 dogs.
the 2-month period. Primary and secondary hairs were evaluated. RTP = right thigh, primary hairs; LTP = left thigh, primary hairs;
Paired Student's t-tests was also used to compare the
RTS = right thigh, secondary hairs; LTS = left thigh, secondary
proportion of hair regrowth between the brushed thigh
hairs. No significant difference was found between RTP and LTP
(right) and the control thigh (left) in group 2, and
(P = 0.84) or between RTS and LTS (P = 0.40).
between the melatonin-treated thigh (right) and thecontrol thigh (left) in group 3. Wilcoxon signed rankstest was used to compare the score given to dermal
and brushing the right thigh was 3.20 and 2.46 cm,
inflammation before and after brushing the right leg of
and after only clipping, the left thigh was 3.10 and
the eight dogs in group 2 and to compare the proportion
2.21 cm, respectively. No significant difference was
of anagen follicles before and after melatonin treatment
found in the proportion of primary (P = 0.84) or
of the eight dogs in group 3. A value of P < 0.05 was
secondary (P = 0.40) hair regrowth when the brushed
considered significant. All analyses were preformed
thigh (right thigh) was compared with the control thigh
using (SAS Institute,
Cary, NC, USA).
The average length of primary hairs before and
2 months after clipping and treating the right thighwith melatonin was 3.80 and 2.15 cm, and after only
clipping, the left thigh was 3.8 and 2.09 cm, respect-ively. The average length of secondary hairs before and
The average length of primary hairs before and 2 months
2 months after clipping and treating the right thigh
after clipping the lumbosacral area was 5.70 and
with melatonin was 3.00 and 2.36 cm, and after only
2.95 cm, and the left lateral thigh was 3.30 and 2.10 cm,
clipping, the left thigh was 3.10 and 2.26 cm, respect-
respectively. The average length of secondary hairs
ively. No significant difference in the proportion of
before and 2 months after clipping the lumbosacral
primary (P = 0.52) or secondary (P = 0.15) hair regrowth
area was 4.40 and 2.79 cm, and the left lateral thigh was
was seen when comparing the melatonin-treated thigh
2.80 and 2.03 cm, respectively. Proportionally, primary
(right thigh) with the control thigh (Fig. 3).
(P = 0.002) and secondary (P = 0.026) hairs were sig-
Before brushing in group 2, the degree of dermal
nificantly longer on the left lateral thigh compared to
inflammation was low in one dog and medium in seven
the lumbosacral region 2 months postclipping (Fig. 1).
dogs. Two months after twice-daily brushing, the degree
The average length of primary hairs before and 2
of dermal inflammation was low in one dog and medium
months after clipping and brushing the right thigh was
in six dogs. These differences were not significant (P =
3.50 and 2.35 cm, and after only clipping, the left thigh
1.00). Dermal inflammation could not be assessed in
was 3.50 and 2.38 cm, respectively. The average length
one dog postbrushing because of poor tissue process-
of secondary hairs before and 2 months after clipping
ing. In group 3, no significant differences were observed
2006 The Authors. Journal compilation 2006 European Society of Veterinary Dermatology
SF Diaz et al.
region should have been proportionally longer than,or at least comparable to, the lateral thigh at 2 monthspostclipping. However, the findings of the presentstudy did not confirm it, indicating that factors otherthan hair length may dictate the rate of hair regrowthin at least some body sites.
Although the factors influencing hair follicle cycling
and hair growth are not completely understood, increase
Figure 3. Average percentage of hair regrowth after 2 months of
in blood supply seems to be important in initiating
clipping the left and right lateral thighs of eight normal Siberian
anagen.5,7 Angiogenesis and increased skin perfusion
Husky dogs. The right lateral thigh was also treated twice daily with 0.1% melatonin solution for the 2-month period. Primary and
have been observed in association with active hair
secondary hairs were evaluated. RTP = right thigh, primary hairs;
growth in mice and rabbits.25 Consistent with this, hair
LTP = left thigh, primary hairs; RTS = right thigh, secondary hairs;
loss has been observed in people in areas affected by
LTS = left thigh, secondary hairs. No significant difference was
occlusive arterial disease.26 In dogs, decreased perfusion
found between RTP and LTP (P = 0.52) or between RTS and
secondary to localized vasoconstriction in shaved skin
LTS (P = 0.15).
sites has been proposed as the pathomechanism offollicular arrest during postclipping alopecia.10
in the average proportion of anagen follicles before
Topical sensitizers have been used in humans to
(50.3%) and after (58.8%) 2 months of topical melatonin
induce dermal inflammation and hair growth with
treatment (P = 0.67).
variable degrees of success in patients with alopeciaareata, alopecia totalis and alopecia universalis.27 Indogs, anecdotal evidence exists that hair regrowth can
D I S C U S S I O N
be induced at the sites of skin biopsy9 after vigorousbrushing, or where there is severe skin irritation, sug-
In this study, the hairs on the lumbosacral region were
gesting that induced inflammation also stimulates hair
proportionally shorter than on the lateral thigh at
regrowth in this species.10,12 In this study, vigorous
2 months after clipping normal Siberian Husky dogs.
brushing performed twice daily for 30 s each time
Moreover, brushing and topical melatonin had no
did not influence hair regrowth on the lateral thigh.
impact on hair regrowth postclipping.
The irritation caused by brushing did not induce suffi-
Hair growth is a very complex phenomenon influ-
cient dermal inflammation and may have not been
enced by many endogenous and exogenous factors.
enough to cause stimulation of the hair follicles. In
Endogenous factors include cytokines and growth
people treated with topical sensitizers for alopecia
regulators. Important exogenous factors include pho-
totalis and universalis, an active dermatitis characterized
toperiod and temperature.5–7 These environmentally
by erythema and scaling was required to induce hair
related factors influence the secretion of melatonin
growth.26 Future studies investigating a different brush-
and prolactin, which in turn control the annual cyclical
ing protocol or other modes to induce skin irritation
activity seen in hair follicles.14 Although hair growth
are warranted.
and replacement have been studied in detail in humans,
In a recent study, topically applied melatonin was
sheep and laboratory rodents, very few studies have
shown to promote hair growth by increasing the anagen
been published for dogs and cats.1–4
rate in women with androgenic alopecia or diffuse
Linear measurements of the hair shaft have been
alopecia.20 In this study, melatonin applied topically
performed to assess hair growth.15,24 Using this method,
twice a day did not induce anagen, as determined by
we found that the hair length on the lumbosacral area
morphometric analysis of cross-sectioned hair follicles.
at 2 months postclipping was proportionally shorter
Siberian Husky dogs with no hair coat abnormalities
than that on the lateral thigh. In 1983, Gunaratnam
were intentionally included, but it is possible that
and Wilkinson performed a study in cross-bred male
abnormalities in the hair follicle cycle are necessary for
dogs and showed that different body sites have differ-
melatonin to be effective. It was observed that as the
ent rates of hair growth.3 When comparing three body
hair started to regrow, it became difficult for the mela-
sites (forehead, shoulder and flank), they found that
tonin solution to reach the skin, and it is possible that
those hairs in which the final length was greater grew
this prevented the melatonin solution from being
faster.3 This would indicate that the speed of hair
absorbed. Alternately, the concentration and frequency
growth was related to the final length in each particular
of administration and /or the vehicle used may not have
site. In this study, the rate of hair growth was not invest-
allowed the adequate absorption of melatonin. The
igated, making a direct comparison with Gunaratnam
concentrations of melatonin in the skin or blood were
and Wilkinson's findings difficult. The average hair
not assessed in this study to test these hypotheses.
length of primary hairs before clipping the dogs was
In conclusion, the results of this study showed that
5.7 cm on the lumbosacral area and 3.3 cm on the
in normal Siberian Husky dogs, the hairs on the lum-
lateral thigh. Therefore, if the hair growth rate is truly
bosacral region were proportionally shorter than on
faster in body sites with longer hair shafts, it is reason-
the lateral thigh at 2 months postclipping. These find-
able to expect that the hair length on the lumbosacral
ings indicate that it takes longer for the hair to regrow
2006 The Authors. Journal compilation 2006 European Society of Veterinary Dermatology
Body site, melatonin and brushing effect on hair regrowth
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their response to prolactin and melatonin. Journal of
anecdotal reports. However, future studies are needed
Anatomy 1994; 185: 135 – 42.
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14. Forsyth IA, Gebbie FE, Arendt J. Timing of melatonin
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15. Santiago-Moreno J, Lopez-Sebastian AA, del Campo A
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et al. Effect of constant-release melatonin implants and
the brushing protocol used was not adequate to cause
prolonged exposure to a long day photoperiod on prolactin
significant dermal inflammation. Finally, topical mela-
secretion and hair growth in Muflon. Domestic Animal
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Les buts de cette étude étaient de déterminer l'influence de la zone cutanée, d'un borssage vigoureux
et de l'application topique de mélatonine sur la repousse pilaire chez les chiens normaux après tonte. Des Siberianhusky ont été regroupés au hasard en trois groupes de huit chiens. Tous les chiens ont été tondus sur la zone dor-solombaire et sur la face postérieure des cuisses. La cuisse gauche et la zone dorsolombaire n'ont pas reçu detraitement, et ont été comparées chez les 24 chiens. Huit chiens ont eu la cuisse droite traitée par l'applicationbiquotidienne de 0.1% melatonine pendant deux mois et la repousse a été comparée avec l'autre cuisse. Huit chiensn'ont pas eu de traitement sur les cuisses. Huit chiens ont eu la cuisse droite brossée deux fois par jour pendantdeux mois.
Les poils étaient épilés avant et deux mois après la tonte et la proportion de pousse pilaire a été calculée. Des
biopsies cutanées ont été réalisées avant et après le traitement pour déterminer si le brossage provoquait uneinflammation et si la mélatonine provoquait une augmentation des poils en anagène. Proportionnellement, lespoils de la cuisse gauche étaient significativement plus longs comparés aux poils de la zone dorso-lombaire deuxmois après la tonte. Aucune différence significative n'a été observée entre les cuisses non traitées et les cuissesbrossées ou traitées par la mélatonine. Aucune différence significative n'a été observée pour le nombre de poilsen phase anagène. Nos résultats montrent que les poils de la zone lombo-sacrée sont proportionnellement pluspetits que ceux des cuisses deux mois après tonte. En outre, la mélatonine ou le brossage n'influencent pas larepousse pilaire chez les chiens normaux.
El propósito de este estudio fue determinar el impacto de la localización corporal, el cepillado
vigoroso y la aplicación de melatonina tópica en el crecimiento del pelo tras rasurado en perros normales. PerrosHuskies Siberianos se asignaron de forma aleatoria en tres grupos de ocho perros cada uno. Todos los perrosfueron rasurados en la región lumbosacra y el lateral de los muslos. El muslo izquierdo y la zona lumbosacra norecibieron tratamiento y se compararon en los 24 perros. Ocho perros recibieron tratamiento con 0.1% demelatonina dos veces al día durante dos meses en el muslo derecho, y el crecimiento del pelo se comparó con eldel muslo izquierdo. Ocho perros fueron cepillados dos veces al día durante dos meses en el muslo derecho, y elcrecimiento del pelo se comparo con el lado izquierdo. Ocho perros no recibieron ningún tratamiento. Algunospelos fueron arrancados antes del rasurado y dos meses después del mismo, y la proporción de crecimiento delpelo respecto la longitud original se calculó y comparó tal y como se ha descrito. Se tomaron biopsias antes ytras el tratamiento para determinar si el cepillado producía inflamación dérmica y si la melatonina incrementabala proporción de pelos en fase anagénica. Proporcionalmente, los pelos del lado izquierdo fueron significativa-mente más largos que los de la región lumbosacra dos meses tras el rasurado. No hubo diferencia significativaentre los laterales de las extremidades tratados con melatonina o cepillado y los no tratados. No se observó unadiferencia significativa en la proporción de pelos en fase anagénica antes y tras el tratamiento con melatoninatópica. Nuestros resultados demuestran que los pelos de la región lumbosacra son proporcionalmente mas cortosque los de los muslos dos meses tras el rasurado. Y lo que es mas, el tratamiento con melatonina topica y el cepil-lado no influyeron en el crecimiento del pelo tras el rasurado en perros normales.
Die Ziele dieser Studie waren es, die Auswirkung der Körperregion, sowie von kräftigem
Bürsten und topischer Behandlung mit Melatonin auf das Nachwachsen der Haare nach dem Scheren von nor-malen Hunden zu eruieren. Sibirische Huskies wurden zufällig in drei Gruppen von je acht Hunden eingeteilt.
Bei allen Hunden wurde die Lumbosakralregion und die beiden lateralen Oberschenkel geschoren. Der linkeOberschenkel- und die Lumbosakralregion wurden nicht behandelt und bei allen 24 Hunden verglichen. Bei achtHunden wurde der rechte Oberschenkel mit 0.1% Melatonin zwei Monate lang zweimal täglich behandelt unddas Nachwachsen der Haare verglichen mit dem des linken Oberschenkels. Bei acht Hunden wurde der rechteOberschenkel zwei Monate lang zweimal täglich gebürstet und das Nachwachsen der Haare verglichen mit demdes linken Oberschenkels. Bei acht Hunden wurde weder der eine noch der andere Oberschenkel behandelt.
Vor und zwei Monate nach dem Scheren wurden Haare ausgezupft, die Proportion des Haarwuchses von derOriginallänge kalkuliert und verglichen wie oben beschrieben. Biopsieproben wurden vor und nach der Behan-dlung entnommen, um festzustellen, ob das Bürsten eine dermale Entzündung verursachte und ob Melatoninden Anteil an anagenen Haarfollikeln steigerte. Zwei Monate nach dem Scheren waren die Haare des linkenOberschenkels im Verhältnis signifikant länger im Vergleich zu den lumbosakralen Haaren. Kein signifikanterUnterschied beim Nachwachsen der Haare wurde zwischen den nicht behandelten und den mit Melatonin behan-delten oder gebürsteten Oberschenkeln gefunden. Es bestand kein signifikanter Unterschied bei der dermalenEntzündung vor und nach dem Bürsten. Keine signifikanten Unterschiede wurden beim Anteil an anagenenHaarfollikeln vor und nach der topischen Behandlung mit Melatonin beobachtet. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigten,dass die Haare in der Lumbosakralregion zwei Monate nach dem Scheren verhältnismässig kürzer waren als dieHaare der lateralen Oberschenkel. Außerdem hatte weder die topische Melatoninbehandlung noch das Bürsteneinen Einfluss auf das Nachwachsen der Haare nach dem Scheren normaler Hunde.
2006 The Authors. Journal compilation 2006 European Society of Veterinary Dermatology
Source: https://u.pomf.is/qtqskv.pdf
As well as being president of the Conditional Immortality Association I also pastorThe Church of Christ (L&A) in Takanini and as part of my work with the AdventChristian Conference of New Zealand, the Randwick Park Christian Life Church.The Randwick Park Christian Life church meets in a Council run Community house.But we are not the only "spiritual" group that uses the building. There is our smallgroup of Bible believing Christians who meet there. There are three other groups ofspiritualists and mediums that meet there. These people are convinced that thereexist invisible, superhuman "spirit guides" wanting to make contact with people hereon earth. These people are convinced that it is possible and even desirable to makecontact with the spirits of human beings that have lived and died here on earth.
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